As all fire and smoke protection closures in Germany must be closed in the event of a fire and must therefore be "self-closing", this also applies to windows.
There are four design options to ensure that windows are closed in the event of a fire.
1. ventilation sash:
The window can be locked in the open position for ventilation or fitted with a free swing closer. In the event of fire, a smoke detector recognises the smoke. The screwed-on or integrated closer closes the window. In the case of double-sash windows, a closing sequence control must be installed so that the windows close correctly. This variant requires the approval of the authorising authority or approval in individual cases.
2nd cleaning sash:
The window has a closer, but no hold-open/release function. The window may only be opened for cleaning purposes and may not be held open, e.g. with objects. A closing sequence control must also be installed for double-sash windows.
3. cleaning sash without self-closing
The window does not have a closer. These windows may only be opened briefly if the opening and closing is documented in writing each time. The organisational responsibility here weighs considerably more than with the aforementioned variants and is therefore only selected in rare cases.
4. fixed glazed windows.
For cost reasons, some customers close the wall opening by bricking it up - a variant that does not tend to increase living comfort or the value of the property.